# Feedback by supermassive black holes in galaxy evolution: impacts of accretion and outflows on the star formation rate

## TL;DR

This paper models how supermassive black hole outflows influence galaxy evolution, showing their impact on star formation rates and galaxy growth across cosmic time using a semi-analytic approach.

## Contribution

It introduces a physical model linking black hole accretion and outflows to galaxy star formation, reproducing observed galaxy evolution trends.

## Key findings

- Outflow rate to SFR ratio depends on black hole and halo mass.
- Star formation rate exceeds outflow rate at low black hole masses.
- Model matches observed star formation history from redshift 6 to 0.

## Abstract

We describe a physical model of the outflows produced as a result of gas accretion onto a black hole, and the resultant changes to star formation rates and efficiencies in galaxies, using the Radio-SAGE semi-analytic galaxy formation model. We show that the ratio of outflow rate to SFR of galaxies is mainly driven by black hole mass and virial halo mass, and show that the SFR is higher than the outflow rate at low black hole masses. The model consistently reproduces the observed evolution of star formation rate density from z = 6 to z = 0, as well as the trend of the stellar mass - halo mass relations. We show the characteristic growth of massive galaxies influenced by AGN feedback at different redshifts. We find feedback to be prevalent in the most massive galaxy halos, inhibiting the cooling catastrophe.