# Quantum gravity as an emergent phenomenon

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel approach to quantum gravity by modeling space-time-matter as non-commutative geometrical atoms that interact and thermally equilibrate, leading to emergent quantum gravitational phenomena.

## Contribution

It introduces the concept of STM atoms as fundamental non-commutative geometric units and derives quantum gravity as their thermodynamic emergent behavior.

## Key findings

- Quantum gravity emerges from the thermodynamics of STM atoms.
- Classical general relativity arises from non-equilibrium fluctuations.
- Black holes are modeled as far-from-equilibrium low entropy states.

## Abstract

There ought to exist a reformulation of quantum theory which does not depend on classical time. To achieve such a reformulation, we introduce the concept of an atom of space-time-matter (STM). An STM atom is a classical non-commutative geometry, based on an asymmetric metric, and sourced by a closed string. Different such atoms interact via entanglement. The statistical thermodynamics of a large number of such atoms gives rise, at equilibrium, to a theory of quantum gravity. Far from equilibrium, where statistical fluctuations are large, the emergent theory reduces to classical general relativity. In this theory, classical black holes are far-from-equilibrium low entropy states, and their Hawking evaporation represents an attempt to return to the (maximum entropy) equilibrium quantum gravitational state.