# The micro-RWELL layouts for high particle rate

## TL;DR

This paper investigates various micro-RWELL detector layouts optimized for high particle flux environments, testing their performance at CERN and PSI to meet the demands of future high-energy physics colliders.

## Contribution

It introduces new high-rate resistive layouts for micro-RWELL detectors and evaluates their performance in beam tests, addressing non-uniform response issues at high flux.

## Key findings

- Layouts meet HL-LHC and future collider requirements
- Performance improvements in high-rate environments
- Designs reduce non-uniform response at high flux

## Abstract

The $\mu$-RWELL is a single-amplification stage resistive Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detector (MPGD). The detector amplification element is realized with a single copper-clad polyimide foil micro-patterned with a blind hole (well) matrix and embedded in the readout PCB through a thin Diamond-Like-Carbon (DLC) sputtered resistive film. The introduction of the resistive layer, suppressing the transition from streamer to spark, allows to achieve large gains ($\geq$10$^4$) with a single amplification stage, while partially reducing the capability to stand high particle fluxes. The simplest resistive layout, designed for low-rate applications, is based on a single-resistive layer with edge grounding. At high particle fluxes this layout suffers of a non-uniform response. In order to get rid of such a limitation different current evacuation geometries have been designed. In this work we report the study of the performance of several high rate resistive layouts tested at the CERN H8-SpS and PSI $\pi$M1 beam test facilities. These layouts fulfill the requirements for the detectors at the HL-LHC and for the experiments at the next generation colliders FCC-ee/hh and CepC.