# Intermittent large deviation of chaotic trajectory in Ikeda map: Signature of extreme events

## TL;DR

This paper investigates extreme events in a laser-based Ikeda map, revealing intermittent large deviations characterized by long-tail distributions and exploring how mutual interactions influence the occurrence and termination of these events.

## Contribution

It identifies the signatures of extreme events in the Ikeda map and analyzes how different types of mutual interactions affect their occurrence and suppression.

## Key findings

- Extreme events occur intermittently with long-tail distributions.
- Mutual interaction can influence the termination of extreme events.
- Threshold-activated coupling can suppress extreme events beyond a critical interaction level.

## Abstract

We notice signatures of extreme events-like behavior in a laser based Ikeda map. The trajectory of the system occasionally travels a large distance away from the bounded chaotic region, which appears as intermittent spiking events in the temporal dynamics. The large spiking events satisfy the conditions of extreme events as usually observed in dynamical systems. The probability density function of the large spiking events shows a long-tail distribution consistent with the characteristics of rare events. The inter-event intervals obey a Poisson-like distribution. We locate the parameter regions of extreme events in phase diagrams. Furthermore, we study two Ikeda maps to explore how and when extreme events terminates via mutual interaction. A pure diffusion of information exchange is unable to terminate extreme events where synchronous occurrence of extreme events is only possible even for large interaction. On the other hand, a threshold-activated coupling can terminate extreme events above a critical value of mutual interaction.