# A model for Ni-63 source for betavoltaic application

## TL;DR

This paper presents a Monte Carlo-based mathematical model for Ni-63 betavoltaic sources, analyzing factors like self-absorption and backscattering to optimize power emission in Ni-63/GaN structures.

## Contribution

It introduces a detailed Monte Carlo model for Ni-63 sources, incorporating physical effects affecting emission efficiency, validated for Ni-63/GaN structures.

## Key findings

- Self-absorption reduces power emission.
- Protective layers further diminish emission.
- Model successfully tested on Ni-63/GaN structure.

## Abstract

A mathematical model of Ni-63 source for betavoltaic batteries is presented, based on Monte Carlo calculation. Trajectories of beta particles are simulated in Ni-63 source until their escape or total energy dissipation. Analysis of the effect of physical and technological factors on the performance of a source is carried out. Special attention is given to self-absorption and substrate backscattering because of their impact on power emission. Addition of a protective layer diminishes the source emission because of further absorption. The model has been tested successfully for Ni-63/GaN structure.