# Grothendieck's inequalities for JB$^*$-triples: Proof of the Barton-Friedman conjecture

## TL;DR

This paper proves a long-standing conjecture by establishing Grothendieck-type inequalities for JB*-triples, demonstrating the existence of specific functionals that bound bilinear forms and operators, with implications for the structure of these mathematical objects.

## Contribution

The paper introduces new Grothendieck inequalities for JB*-triples, confirming the Barton-Friedman conjecture and extending the understanding of bounded bilinear forms and operators in this context.

## Key findings

- Existence of norm-one functionals bounding operators from JB*-triples to Hilbert spaces.
- Existence of functionals controlling bilinear forms on JB*-triples.
- Resolution of a conjecture pursued for nearly twenty years.

## Abstract

We prove that, given a constant $K> 2$ and a bounded linear operator $T$ from a JB$^*$-triple $E$ into a complex Hilbert space $H$, there exists a norm-one functional $\psi\in E^*$ satisfying $$\|T(x)\| \leq K \, \|T\| \, \|x\|_{\psi},$$ for all $x\in E$. Applying this result we show that, given $G > 8 (1+2\sqrt{3})$ and a bounded bilinear form $V$ on the Cartesian product of two JB$^*$-triples $E$ and $B$, there exist norm-one functionals $\varphi\in E^{*}$ and $\psi\in B^{*}$ satisfying $$|V(x,y)| \leq G \ \|V\| \, \|x\|_{\varphi} \, \|y\|_{\psi}$$ for all $(x,y)\in E \times B$. These results prove a conjecture pursued during almost twenty years.