# An ordered set of power-efficiency trade-offs

## TL;DR

This paper derives general inequalities that describe the fundamental trade-offs between power and efficiency in thermodynamic machines operating out of equilibrium, providing bounds based on different levels of system knowledge.

## Contribution

It introduces a set of inequalities that quantify power-efficiency trade-offs in non-equilibrium thermodynamic systems, depending on available dynamical information.

## Key findings

- Power is bounded by a quadratic function of efficiency.
- Different bounds depend on system-specific dynamical quantities.
- Provides a unified framework for understanding thermodynamic trade-offs.

## Abstract

In this paper, we derive a number of inequalities which express power-efficiency trade-offs that hold generally for thermodynamic machines operating in non-equilibrium stationary states. One of these inequalities concerns the output power, which is bounded by a quadratic function of the thermodynamic efficiency multiplied by a factor. Different factors can be obtained according to the level of knowledge one has about the underlying dynamics of the machine, they can depend for instance on the covariance of the input flux, the dynamical activity, or the non-equilibrium conductance.