# Open Heavy-Flavor Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions

## TL;DR

This paper reviews recent experimental and theoretical advances in understanding how heavy quarks behave in the Quark-Gluon Plasma created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, shedding light on the medium's properties.

## Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of recent measurements and models of heavy-flavor production, highlighting new insights into QGP transport properties and hadronization mechanisms.

## Key findings

- Heavy quarks undergo Brownian motion at low momentum.
- Heavy-flavor observables reveal transport coefficients of QGP.
- Results suggest different energy loss regimes at varying momenta.

## Abstract

The ultra-relativistic heavy-ion programs at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider have evolved into a phase of quantitative studies of Quantum Chromodynamics at very high temperatures. The charm and bottom hadron production offer unique insights into the remarkable transport properties and the microscopic structure of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) created in these collisions. Heavy quarks, due to their large masses, undergo Brownian motion at low momentum, provide a window on hadronization mechanisms at intermediate momenta, and are expected to merge into a radiative-energy loss regime at high momentum. We review recent experimental and theoretical achievements on measuring a variety of heavy-flavor observables, characterizing the different regimes in momentum, extracting pertinent transport coefficients and deducing implications for the "inner workings" of the QGP medium.