# Historic evolution of the optical design of the Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics Relay for the Extremely Large Telescope

## TL;DR

This paper chronicles the decade-long evolution of the optical design for the Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics Relay on the Extremely Large Telescope, highlighting modifications driven by performance, interface, manufacturing, and maintenance considerations.

## Contribution

It provides a detailed account of the design process, modifications, and rationales behind the final optical design baseline for the ELT's adaptive optics system.

## Key findings

- Design evolution aligned with scientific and interface requirements
- Simplification improved manufacturability and maintenance
- Final design meets residual wavefront error and distortion specifications

## Abstract

The optical design of the Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics Relay for the Extremely Large Telescope experienced many modifications since Phase A conclusion in late 2009. These modifications were due to the evolution of the telescope design, the more and more accurate results of the performance simulations and the variations of the opto-mechanical interfaces with both the telescope and the client instruments. Besides, in light of the optics manufacturing assessment feed-backs, the optical design underwent to a global simplification respect to the former versions. Integration, alignment, accessibility and maintenance issues took also a crucial role in the design tuning during the last phases of its evolution. This paper intends to describe the most important steps in the evolution of the optical design, whose rationale has always been to have a feasible and robust instrument, fulfilling all the requirements and interfaces. Among the wide exploration of possible solutions, all the presented designs are compliant with the high-level scientific requirements, concerning the maximum residual wavefront error and the geometrical distortion at the exit ports. The outcome of this decennial work is the design chosen as baseline at the kick-off of the Phase B in 2016 and subsequently slightly modified, after requests and inputs from alignment and maintenance side.