colorspace: A Toolbox for Manipulating and Assessing Colors and Palettes

TL;DR

The colorspace R package offers a comprehensive toolkit for selecting, manipulating, and visualizing color palettes based on the HCL color space, enhancing data visualization with perceptually intuitive colors.

Contribution

It introduces a flexible, HCL-based palette system with tools for selection, manipulation, and visualization, tailored for statistical graphics and data visualization.

Findings

Provides diverse HCL-based color palettes for different data types.

Includes tools for palette manipulation and visualization.

Supports color vision deficiency emulation.

Abstract

The R package colorspace provides a flexible toolbox for selecting individual colors or color palettes, manipulating these colors, and employing them in statistical graphics and data visualizations. In particular, the package provides a broad range of color palettes based on the HCL (Hue-Chroma-Luminance) color space. The three HCL dimensions have been shown to match those of the human visual system very well, thus facilitating intuitive selection of color palettes through trajectories in this space. Using the HCL color model general strategies for three types of palettes are implemented: (1) Qualitative for coding categorical information, i.e., where no particular ordering of categories is available. (2) Sequential for coding ordered/numeric information, i.e., going from high to low (or vice versa). (3) Diverging for coding ordered/numeric information around a central neutral value, i.e., where colors diverge from neutral to two extremes. To aid selection and application of these palettes the package also contains scales for use with ggplot2, shiny (and tcltk) apps for interactive exploration, visualizations of palette properties, accompanying manipulation utilities (like desaturation and lighten/darken), and emulation of color vision deficiencies.