# A metal-poor damped Ly-alpha system at redshift 6.4

## TL;DR

This paper reports the discovery and analysis of the most distant known damped Ly-alpha system at redshift 6.4, revealing a metal-poor galaxy with low chemical enrichment shortly after the Big Bang.

## Contribution

It presents the first detailed characterization of a metal-poor damped Ly-alpha system at such a high redshift, including measurements of HI column density and chemical abundances.

## Key findings

- Most distant damped Ly-alpha system known
- Low metallicity ([O/H] = -2.92) indicating minimal chemical enrichment
- Consistent with a low-mass galaxy in the early universe

## Abstract

We identify a strong Ly-alpha damping wing profile in the spectrum of the quasar P183+05 at z=6.4386. Given the detection of several narrow metal absorption lines at z=6.40392, the most likely explanation for the absorption profile is that it is due to a damped Ly-alpha system. However, in order to match the data a contribution of an intergalactic medium 5-38% neutral or additional weaker absorbers near the quasar is also required. The absorption system presented here is the most distant damped Ly-alpha system currently known. We estimate an HI column density ($10^{20.68\pm0.25}\,$cm$^{-2}$), metallicity ([O/H]$=-2.92\pm 0.32$), and relative chemical abundances of a system consistent with a low-mass galaxy during the first Gyr of the universe. This object is among the most metal-poor damped Ly-alpha systems known and, even though it is observed only ~850 Myr after the big bang, its relative abundances do not show signatures of chemical enrichment by Population III stars.