# Programmable Filaments and Textiles

## TL;DR

This paper explores how Janus filaments and textiles with driven and passive sectors can morph into various shapes, revealing stable and metastable states, and demonstrates reverse design for desired bending shapes.

## Contribution

It introduces a method to analyze and reverse design morphing structures using Janus filaments and textiles with controlled driven sectors.

## Key findings

- Multiple shape transitions and coexistence of stable and metastable states identified.
- Both single filaments and textiles can be designed to bend into specific shapes.
- Controlled actuation enables precise shape programming.

## Abstract

We analyze the various morphing structures obtained by actuating Janus filaments comprising driven and passive sectors and textiles incorporating driven and passive filaments. Transitions between alternative shapes and coexistence of absolutely stable and metastable states within a certain range of relative extension upon actuation are detected both in Janus rings and textiles. Both single filaments and textiles can be reverse designed to bend into desired shapes by controlling both the size and orientation of driven sectors.