# Generalized Macdonald Functions on Fock Tensor Spaces and Duality Formula for Changing Preferred Direction

## TL;DR

This paper derives an explicit formula for generalized Macdonald functions on Fock spaces, proving their factorization property related to the DIM algebra and providing insights into the 5D AGT correspondence and $SL(2,Z)$ duality.

## Contribution

It presents a new explicit formula for generalized Macdonald functions and proves their factorization property, linking algebraic structures to the 5D AGT correspondence.

## Key findings

- Explicit formula for generalized Macdonald functions on Fock tensor spaces.
- Proof of the factorization property of matrix elements of multi-valent intertwining operators.
- Connection of the factorization formula to $SL(2,Z)$ duality and 5D AGT correspondence.

## Abstract

An explicit formula is obtained for the generalized Macdonald functions on the $N$-fold Fock tensor spaces, calculating a certain matrix element of a composition of several screened vertex operators. As an application, we prove the factorization property of the arbitrary matrix elements of the multi-valent intertwining operator (or refined topological vertex operator) associated with the Ding--Iohara--Miki algebra (DIM algebra) with respect to the generalized Macdonald functions, which was conjectured by Awata, Feigin, Hoshino, Kanai, Yanagida and one of the authors. Our proof is based on the combinatorial and analytic properties of the asymptotic eigenfunctions of the ordinary Macdonald operator of $A$-type, and the Euler transformation formula for Kajihara and Noumi's multiple basic hypergeometric series. That factorization formula provides us with a reasonable algebraic description of the 5D (K-theoretic) Alday-Gaiotto-Tachikawa (AGT) correspondence, and the interpretation of the invariance under the preferred direction from the point of view of the $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ duality of the DIM algebra.