Blasting parameters alternate selection as a tool for elastic wave effect amplification at potentially instable locations within main roof strata

TL;DR

This paper proposes a scientifically justified method for selecting blasting parameters to amplify elastic wave effects at potentially unstable locations in mine roof strata, aiming to reduce seismic hazards.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach using optimized delay timings in group blasting to intentionally amplify rock vibrations at critical zones, supported by FEM modeling.

Findings

Amplification of seismic energy at targeted locations is achievable through optimized blast delays.

FEM modeling confirms the effectiveness of the proposed blasting strategy.

The method can potentially reduce seismic hazards in underground mining operations.

Abstract

The exploitation of copper ore deposits in Polish underground mines is performed primarily by the use of blasting technology which seems to be relatively well suited to the hardness of the local rocks and to local mining and geological conditions. Blasting works are also recognized as an active method of seismic events prevention, conducted as group strain-release blasting within potentially instable main roof strata and in pillars. A notable number of recorded dynamic events can be clearly explained by the blasting works effects. However, these operations are presently conducted intuitively based on a trial-and-errors basis, rather than upon an intentional and scientifically justified approach. As a one of seismic hazard reduction measures, a special kind of group winning blasting conducted with appropriately selected delays between the successive face-detonations is presented in the paper. This approach is able to amplify purposely the energy of rock mass vibration within the area which has been identified by the FEM modeling as a potentially instable. As a result of the entire multi-faces blasting operation one may expect the rock mass possibly distressing manifested as a seismic event. The presented analyses have been supported by a 3D FEM dynamic modelling of multi-face blasting in different configurations of space and time coordinates.