Neutrino self-interaction and MSW effects on the supernova neutrino-process

TL;DR

This study investigates how neutrino self-interactions and MSW effects influence the synthesis of certain isotopes in supernovae, revealing that these effects alter isotope abundances and depend on neutrino mass hierarchy.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed calculation of isotope production considering both neutrino self-interactions and MSW effects in supernovae.

Findings

Neutrino self-interactions reduce certain isotope abundances by 1.5-2 times.

The isotope ratio $^{138}$La/$^{11}$B is sensitive to neutrino mass hierarchy.

Normal hierarchy aligns better with solar abundance data.

Abstract

We calculate the abundances of $^{7}$Li, $^{11}$B, $^{92}$Nb, $^{98}$Tc, $^{138}$La, and $^{180}$Ta produced by neutrino $(\nu)$ induced reactions in a core-collapse supernova explosion. We consider the modification by $\nu$ self-interaction ($\nu$-SI) near the neutrinosphere and the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect in outer layers for time-dependent neutrino energy spectra. Abundances of $^{7}$Li and heavy isotopes $^{92}$Nb, $^{98}$Tc and $^{138}$La are reduced by a factor of 1.5-2.0 by the $\nu$-SI. In contrast, $^{11}$B is relatively insensitive to the $\nu$-SI. We find that the abundance ratio of heavy to light nucleus, $^{138}$La/$^{11}$B, is sensitive to the neutrino mass hierarchy, and the normal mass hierarchy is more likely to be consistent with the solar abundances.