# A multi-layer reduced model for flow in porous media with a fault and surrounding damage zones

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a multi-layer reduced model for simulating fluid flow in porous media with complex fault structures, including damage zones, improving accuracy in heterogeneous and high-contrast permeability scenarios.

## Contribution

The work presents a novel multi-layer reduced model that explicitly incorporates faults and surrounding damage zones as lower-dimensional features within porous media.

## Key findings

- Model effectively captures high permeability contrast.
- Simulation results demonstrate robustness across configurations.
- Accurately represents fault and damage zone interactions.

## Abstract

In this work we present a new conceptual model to describe fluid flow in a porous media system in presence of a large fault. Geological faults are often modeled simply as interfaces in the rock matrix, but they are complex structure where the high strain core is surrounded by the so called damage zones, characterized by the presence of smaller fractures which enhance the permeability of the medium. To obtain reliable simulation outcomes these damage zone, as well as the fault, have to be accurately described. The new model proposed in this work considers both these two regions as lower dimensional and embedded in the rock matrix. The model is presented, analyzed, and tested in several configurations to prove its robustness and ability to capture many important features, such as hight contrast and heterogeneity of permeability.