# Algorithm and Hardness results on Liar's Dominating Set and $k$-tuple Dominating Set

## TL;DR

This paper investigates algorithmic solutions and computational hardness for the Liar's Dominating Set and k-tuple Dominating Set problems, providing approximation algorithms, a PTAS, and complexity lower bounds.

## Contribution

It introduces a constant-factor approximation for LDS on unit disk graphs, a PTAS for k-DS on the same class, and establishes space complexity lower bounds and W[2]-hardness results.

## Key findings

- Constant factor (11/2) approximation for LDS on unit disk graphs.
- PTAS for k-DS on unit disk graphs.
- Omega(n^2) space lower bound for streaming algorithms.

## Abstract

Given a graph $G=(V,E)$, the dominating set problem asks for a minimum subset of vertices $D\subseteq V$ such that every vertex $u\in V\setminus D$ is adjacent to at least one vertex $v\in D$. That is, the set $D$ satisfies the condition that $|N[v]\cap D|\geq 1$ for each $v\in V$, where $N[v]$ is the closed neighborhood of $v$. In this paper, we study two variants of the classical dominating set problem: $\boldmath{k}$-tuple dominating set ($k$-DS) problem and Liar's dominating set (LDS) problem, and obtain several algorithmic and hardness results. On the algorithmic side, we present a constant factor ($\frac{11}{2}$)-approximation algorithm for the Liar's dominating set problem on unit disk graphs. Then, we obtain a PTAS for the $\boldmath{k}$-tuple dominating set problem on unit disk graphs. On the hardness side, we show a $\Omega (n^2)$ bits lower bound for the space complexity of any (randomized) streaming algorithm for Liar's dominating set problem as well as for the $\boldmath{k}$-tuple dominating set problem. Furthermore, we prove that the Liar's dominating set problem on bipartite graphs is W[2]-hard.