# A 28nm Bulk-CMOS 4-to-8GHz <2mW Cryogenic Pulse Modulator for Scalable Quantum Computing **Authors:** Joseph C Bardin, Evan Jeffrey, Erik Lucero, Trent Huang, Ofer Naaman,, Rami Barends, Ted White, Marissa Giustina, Daniel Sank, Pedram Roushan, Kunal, Arya, Benjamin Chiaro, Julian Kelly, Jimmy Chen, Brian Burkett, Yu Chen,, Andrew Dunsworth, Austin Fowler, Brooks Foxen, Craig Gidney, Rob Graff, Paul, Klimov, Josh Mutus, Matthew McEwen, Anthony Megrant, Matthew Neeley, Charles, Neill, Chris Quintana, Amit Vainsencher, Hartmut Neven, John Martinis arXiv: 1902.10864 ยท 2019-12-05 ## TL;DR This paper presents a cryogenic CMOS pulse modulator operating at 4-8GHz with less than 2mW power, designed for scalable quantum computing control systems, and validated through quantum experiments. ## Contribution It introduces a novel 28nm bulk-CMOS cryogenic pulse modulator optimized for qubit control, demonstrating integration and performance at cryogenic temperatures. ## Key findings - Operates at 4-8GHz with <2mW power consumption - Successfully integrated into quantum measurement setup - Validated through multiple quantum control experiments ## Abstract Future quantum computing systems will require cryogenic integrated circuits to control and measure millions of qubits. In this paper, we report the design and characterization of a prototype cryogenic CMOS integrated circuit that has been optimized for the control of transmon qubits. The circuit has been integrated into a quantum measurement setup and its performance has been validated through multiple quantum control experiments. --- Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1902.10864