# Forming individual magnetic biskyrmions by merging two skyrmions in a centrosymmetric nanodisk

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that biskyrmions, topologically charged magnetic quasiparticles, can be stabilized in centrosymmetric nanodisks through dipole-dipole interactions, offering a new pathway for their formation without DMI.

## Contribution

It shows that dipole-dipole interactions can stabilize biskyrmions in centrosymmetric materials, enabling their formation without DMI, and proposes a control scheme for their creation.

## Key findings

- Biskyrmions can be stabilized by dipole-dipole interactions in centrosymmetric nanodisks.
- Analytical models show biskyrmions are energetically favorable over two skyrmions.
- Micromagnetic simulations confirm formation of biskyrmions from two skyrmions upon relaxation.

## Abstract

When two magnetic skyrmions - whirl-like, topologically protected quasiparticles - form a bound pair, a biskyrmion state with a topological charge of $N_\mathrm{Sk}=\pm 2$ is constituted. Recently, especially the case of two partially overlapping skyrmions has brought about great research interest. Since for its formation the individual skyrmions need to posses opposite in-plane magnetizations, such a biskyrmion cannot be stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya-interaction (DMI), which is the interaction that typically stabilizes skyrmions in non-centrosymmetric materials and at interfaces. Here, we show that these biskyrmions can be stabilized by the dipole-dipole interaction in centrosymmetric materials in which the DMI is forbidden. Analytical considerations indicate that the bound state of a biskyrmion is energetically preferable over two individual skyrmions. As a result, when starting from two skyrmions in a micromagnetic simulation, a biskyrmion is formed upon relaxation. We propose a scheme that allows to control this biskyrmion formation in nanodisks and analyze the individual steps.