# Stochastic Hosting Capacity in LV Distribution Networks

## TL;DR

This paper investigates the stochastic nature of hosting capacity in low-voltage distribution networks with PV, proposing a scenario reduction method and analyzing how penetration assumptions affect capacity estimates.

## Contribution

It introduces a scenario reduction approach focusing on active voltage constraints and demonstrates the impact of penetration assumptions on hosting capacity estimates.

## Key findings

- Scenario reduction decreases the number of scenarios needed by an order of magnitude.
- Linear power flow models perform well in estimating hosting capacity.
- Assumptions about PV penetration levels significantly influence capacity conclusions.

## Abstract

Hosting capacity is defined as the level of penetration that a particular technology can connect to a distribution network without causing power quality problems. In this work, we study the impact of solar photovoltaics (PV) on voltage rise. In most cases, the locations and sizes of the PV are not known in advance, so hosting capacity must be considered as a random variable. Most hosting capacity methods study the problem considering a large number of scenarios, many of which provide little additional information. We overcome this problem by studying only cases where voltage constraints are active, with results illustrating a reduction in the number of scenarios required by an order of magnitude. A linear power flow model is utilised for this task, showing excellent performance. The hosting capacity is finally studied as a function of the number of generators connected, demonstrating that assumptions about the penetration level will have a large impact on the conclusions drawn for a given network.