# Geometry free materials enabled by transformation optics for enhancing the intensity of electromagnetic waves in an arbitrary domain

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a transformation optics-based method to create shape-independent, homogeneous electromagnetic wave concentrators using optic-null medium, simplifying design and maintaining performance regardless of geometry.

## Contribution

The work presents a novel, shape-independent, homogeneous material design for electromagnetic concentrators using transformation optics, eliminating the need for complex calculations for different geometries.

## Key findings

- Numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of the shape-independent concentrators.
- The proposed method simplifies design by using a constant material regardless of shape.
- Strong agreement between simulations and theoretical predictions validates the approach.

## Abstract

The concentration of electromagnetic waves (EM) is of utmost importance in many engineering applications such as solar-cells. According to the transformation optics (TO) methodology, a feasible approach for obtaining arbitrary shape concentrators is proposed. In contrary to the previous works, the obtained materials are homogeneous and independent of the concentrator shape. That is regardless of the input geometry always one constant material, which is optic-null medium (ONM), is used and the performance of device will not alter. This competency will ease the design process and circumvent the sophisticated calculations of the necessitating materials. To authenticate the concept, several numerical full-wave simulations were performed for different shape concentrators. It was observed that numerical results exhibit strong agreement with the theoretical investigations and corroborate the generality and effectiveness of the proposed designing method.