# Particle acceleration and synchrotron self-Compton emission in blazar jets I : an application to the quiescent emission

## TL;DR

This paper develops an analytical particle transport model to explain the quiescent broadband emission in blazar jets, incorporating Fermi acceleration, escape mechanisms, and energy losses, successfully reproducing observed spectra of a specific BL Lac object.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel analytical transport model that explicitly solves for electron distributions considering multiple acceleration and escape processes in blazar jets.

## Key findings

- Advection significantly influences particle escape and spectral hardness.
- The model can reproduce the observed spectra of 1ES 0414+009.
- High-energy spectral components are enhanced by advection-driven particle hardening.

## Abstract

There are still some important unanswered questions about the detailed particle acceleration and escape occurring during the quiescent epoches. As a result, the particle distribution that is adopted in the blazar quiescent spectral model have numerous unconstrained shapes. To help remedy this problem, we introduce a analytical particle transport model to reproduce quiescent broadband spectral energy distribution of blazar. In this model, the exact electron distribution is solved from a generalized transport equation that contains the terms describing first-order and secondary-order \emph{Fermi} acceleration, escape of particle due to both the advection and spatial diffusion, energy losses due to synchrotron emission and inverse-Compton scattering of an assumed soft photon field. We suggest that the advection is a significant escape mechanism in blazar jet. We find that in our model the advection process tends to harden the particle distribution, which enhances the high energy components of resulting synchrotron and synchrotron self-Comptom spectrum from jet. Our model is able to roughly reproduce the observed spectra of extreme BL Lac object 1ES 0414+009 with reasonable assumptions about the physical parameters.