# Effect of the temperature and magnetic field induced martensitic transformation in bulk Fe$_{45}$Mn$_{26}$Ga$_{29}$ alloy on its electronic structure and physical properties

## TL;DR

This study investigates how temperature and magnetic fields induce martensitic transformations in Fe-Mn-Ga alloys, significantly altering their electronic structure and physical properties, with potential implications for magnetic and electronic applications.

## Contribution

It provides detailed experimental and theoretical analysis of the electronic and physical property changes during martensitic transformation in Fe-Mn-Ga alloys, highlighting the effects of magnetic fields.

## Key findings

- Martensitic transformation occurs between 194 K and 328 K with hysteresis.
- Magnetic field shifts transformation temperatures to higher values.
- Transformation causes increased magnetization and decreased resistivity.

## Abstract

Effect of the temperature and magnetic field induced martensitic transformation (MT) on the electronic structure and some physical properties of bulk Fe$_{45.2}$Mn$_{25.9}$Ga$_{28.9}$ Heusler alloy has been investigated. {According to the experimental results of DSC, magnetic and transport measurements direct and reverse martensitic transformation without external magnetic field takes place within 194 $\leq T \leq$ 328 K temperature range with a hysteresis up to $\Delta T \approx$ 100 K defined as $\Delta T$ = $A_{f,s}$ - $M_{s,f}$, where $A_{f,s}$ and $M_{s,f}$ are the critical temperatures of direct and reverse martensitic transformation. External magnetic field of $\mu_{0}H$ = 5 T causes a high-temperature shift of MT temperatures.} MT from parent austenite L2$_{1}$ phase to martensitic tetragonally distorted L2$_{1}$ one (i. e. to L1$_{0}$) causes significant changes in the electronic structure of alloy, a drastic increase in alloy magnetization, a decrease in the alloy resistivity, and a reversal of the sign of the temperature coefficient of resistivity from negative to positive. At the same time experimentally determined optical properties of Fe$_{45.6}$Mn$_{25.9}$Ga$_{28.9}$ Heusler alloy in austenitic and martensitic states look visually rather similar being noticeable different in microscopic nature as can be concluded from first-principle calculations. Experimentally observed changes in the physical properties of the alloy are discussed in terms of the electronic structures of an austenite and martensite phases.