Equivariant Callias index theory via coarse geometry

TL;DR

This paper extends equivariant coarse index theory to general locally compact groups, developing a localized index related to the Baum-Connes conjecture, with applications to positive scalar curvature metrics.

Contribution

It introduces a new definition of equivariant coarse index for locally compact groups and develops a localized variant linked to the Baum-Connes assembly map.

Findings

Generalizes the equivariant coarse index to broader group actions

Develops a localized index in $K$-theory of group $C^*$-algebras

Provides results on scalar curvature metrics invariant under group actions

Abstract

The equivariant coarse index is well-understood and widely used for actions by discrete groups. We extend the definition of this index to general locally compact groups. We use a suitable notion of admissible modules over $C^*$-algebras of continuous functions to obtain a meaningful index. Inspired by work by Roe, we then develop a localised variant, with values in the $K$-theory of a group $C^*$-algebra. This generalises the Baum-Connes assembly map to non-cocompact actions. We show that an equivariant index for Callias-type operators is a special case of this localised index, obtain results on existence and non-existence of Riemannian metrics of positive scalar curvature invariant under proper group actions, and show that a localised version of the Baum-Connes conjecture is weaker than the original conjecture, while still giving a conceptual description of the $K$-theory of a group $C^*$-algebra.