# Nanoelectromechanical resonators from high-T$_c$ superconducting crystals of Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_1$Cu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$

## TL;DR

This paper reports the fabrication and characterization of nanoelectromechanical resonators using high-temperature superconducting Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_1$Cu$_2$O$_{8+eta}$ crystals, demonstrating tunability and high quality factors.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to create NEMS resonators from high-Tc cuprate superconductors with detailed analysis of their dissipation mechanisms.

## Key findings

- Achieved quality factors up to 36600.
- Demonstrated mechanical frequency tunability via dc-bias.
- Identified contact resistance and tunneling states as dissipation sources.

## Abstract

In this report, we present nanoelectromechanical resonators fabricated with thin exfoliated crystals of a high-T$_c$ cuprate superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_1$Cu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$. The mechanical readout is performed by capacitively coupling their motion to a coplanar waveguide microwave cavity fabricated with a superconducting alloy of molybdenum-rhenium. We demonstrate mechanical frequency tunability with external dc-bias voltage, and quality factors up to 36600. Our spectroscopic and time-domain measurements show that mechanical dissipation in these systems is limited by the contact resistance arising from resistive outer layers. The temperature dependence of dissipation indicates the presence of tunneling states, further suggesting that their intrinsic performance could be as good as other two-dimensional atomic crystals such as graphene.