# The Stokes limit in a three-dimensional chemotaxis-Navier-Stokes system

## TL;DR

This paper proves that solutions of a three-dimensional chemotaxis-Navier-Stokes system with a parameter  converge to solutions of the Stokes variant as , extending previous two-dimensional results to more complex 3D scenarios.

## Contribution

It demonstrates the convergence of weak solutions from the chemotaxis-Navier-Stokes system to the Stokes system in three dimensions as , broadening the understanding of the Stokes limit in 3D.

## Key findings

- Solutions with fixed  exist globally and become classical after some time.
- Solutions  converge to weak solutions of the Stokes system as .
- Extension of 2D Stokes limit results to 3D case.

## Abstract

We consider initial-boundary value problems for the $\kappa$-dependent family of chemotaxis-(Navier--)Stokes systems \begin{align*} \left\{ \begin{array}{r@{\,}c@{\,}c@{\ }l@{\quad}l@{\quad}l@{\,}c} n_{t}&+&u\cdot\!\nabla n&=\Delta n-\nabla\!\cdot(n\nabla c),\ &x\in\Omega,& t>0,\\ c_{t}&+&u\cdot\!\nabla c&=\Delta c-cn,\ &x\in\Omega,& t>0,\\ u_{t}&+&\kappa(u\cdot\nabla)u&=\Delta u+\nabla P+n\nabla\phi,\ &x\in\Omega,& t>0,\\ &&\nabla\cdot u&=0,\ &x\in\Omega,& t>0, \end{array}\right. \end{align*} in a bounded domain $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^3$ with smooth boundary and given potential function $\phi\in C^{1+\beta}(\overline{\Omega})$ for some $\beta>0$. It is known that for fixed $\kappa\in\mathbb{R}$ an associated initial-boundary value problem possesses at least one global weak solution $(n^{(\kappa)},c^{(\kappa)},u^{(\kappa)})$, which after some waiting time becomes a classical solution of the system. In this work we will show that upon letting $\kappa\to0$ the solutions $(n^{(\kappa)},c^{(\kappa)},u^{(\kappa)})$ converge towards a weak solution of the Stokes variant $(\kappa=0)$ of the systems above with respect to the strong topology in certain Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces. We thereby extend the recently obtained result on the Stokes limit process for classical solutions in the two-dimensional setting to the more intricate three-dimensional case.