# Dark sector unifications: dark matter-phantom energy, dark matter -- constant $w$ dark energy, dark matter-dark energy-dark matter

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel cosmic fluid model unifying dark matter and dark energy, revealing new dynamical regimes and behaviors including phantom energy and $ ext{Lambda}$CDM-like expansion, with physical constraints on parameters.

## Contribution

It introduces a new unification model based on a cosmic fluid with a specific speed of sound function, capturing diverse dark sector behaviors not previously modeled.

## Key findings

- Model exhibits regimes of dark matter and phantom dark energy unification.
- Reproduces $ ext{Lambda}$CDM-like expansion with small or vanishing sound speed.
- Provides physical constraints for parameters enabling transient dark energy.

## Abstract

The paper brings a novel approach to unification of dark matter and dark energy in terms of a cosmic fluid. A model is introduced in which the cosmic fluid speed of sound squared is defined as a function of its equation of state (EoS) parameter. It is shown how logarithmic part of this function results in dynamical regimes previously not observed in cosmic fluid models. It is shown that in a particular dynamical regime the model behaves as a unification of dark matter and phantom dark energy. Further, it is shown that the model may describe dark matter - dark energy unification in which dark energy asymptotically behaves as dark energy with a constant EoS parameter larger than -1. In a specific parameter regime the unified fluid model also reproduces global expansion similar to $\Lambda$CDM model with fluid speed of sound vanishing for small scale factor values and being small, or even vanishing, for large scale factor values. Finally, it is shown how the model may be instrumental in describing the cosmic fluid dark matter-dark energy-dark matter unification. Physical constraints on model parameters yielding such transient dark energy behavior are obtained.