# Analysis of LoRaWAN Uplink with Multiple Demodulating Paths and Capture Effect

## TL;DR

This paper analyzes how multiple demodulating paths and the capture effect influence LoRaWAN uplink performance, providing a model based on SX1301 gateways and evaluating SF allocation policies.

## Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive model for LoRaWAN uplink success probability considering multiple demodulation paths and evaluates SF policies for improved network performance.

## Key findings

- Multiple demodulation paths significantly affect LoRaWAN performance.
- Different SF allocation policies impact coverage and throughput.
- The model can be generalized to various gateway architectures.

## Abstract

Low power wide area networks (LPWANs), such as the ones based on the LoRaWAN protocol, are seen as enablers of large number of IoT applications and services. In this work, we assess the scalability of LoRaWAN by analyzing the frame success probability (FSP) of a LoRa frame while taking into account the capture effect and the number of parallel demodulation paths of the receiving gateway. We have based our model on the commonly used {SX1301 gateway chipset}, which is capable of demodulating {up to} eight frames simultaneously; however, the results of the model can be generalized to architectures with arbitrary number of demodulation paths. We have also introduced and investigated {three} policies for Spreading Factor (SF) allocation. Each policy is evaluated in terms of coverage {probability}, {FSP}, and {throughput}. The overall conclusion is that the presence of multiple demodulation paths introduces a significant change in the analysis and performance of the LoRa random access schemes.