# Dynamic Pricing for Airline Ancillaries with Customer Context

## TL;DR

This paper introduces and compares three dynamic pricing models for airline ancillaries, demonstrating that deep learning approaches significantly outperform traditional methods in online revenue and conversion improvements.

## Contribution

The paper presents three innovative dynamic pricing models, including an end-to-end deep neural network, for personalized airline ancillary pricing, with real-world deployment and performance evaluation.

## Key findings

- Deep learning models outperform traditional machine learning techniques.
- Online A/B testing shows a 36% increase in conversion.
- Revenue per offer increases by 10% with the new models.

## Abstract

Ancillaries have become a major source of revenue and profitability in the travel industry. Yet, conventional pricing strategies are based on business rules that are poorly optimized and do not respond to changing market conditions. This paper describes the dynamic pricing model developed by Deepair solutions, an AI technology provider for travel suppliers. We present a pricing model that provides dynamic pricing recommendations specific to each customer interaction and optimizes expected revenue per customer. The unique nature of personalized pricing provides the opportunity to search over the market space to find the optimal price-point of each ancillary for each customer, without violating customer privacy. In this paper, we present and compare three approaches for dynamic pricing of ancillaries, with increasing levels of sophistication: (1) a two-stage forecasting and optimization model using a logistic mapping function; (2) a two-stage model that uses a deep neural network for forecasting, coupled with a revenue maximization technique using discrete exhaustive search; (3) a single-stage end-to-end deep neural network that recommends the optimal price. We describe the performance of these models based on both offline and online evaluations. We also measure the real-world business impact of these approaches by deploying them in an A/B test on an airline's internet booking website. We show that traditional machine learning techniques outperform human rule-based approaches in an online setting by improving conversion by 36% and revenue per offer by 10%. We also provide results for our offline experiments which show that deep learning algorithms outperform traditional machine learning techniques for this problem. Our end-to-end deep learning model is currently being deployed by the airline in their booking system.