# Sampling Free TDOA Localization in Millimeter Wave Networks

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a sampling-free TDOA localization method for millimeter wave networks using energy detection of Gaussian pulses, eliminating the need for high-rate sampling and maintaining accuracy comparable to traditional methods.

## Contribution

It proposes a novel energy detection architecture for TDOA localization in millimeter wave bands, avoiding the impractical high-rate sampling requirement.

## Key findings

- Achieves accurate TDOA localization without sampling at the receiver.
- Derives a closed-form expression for the estimated time of arrival.
- Validates the approach through simulations showing comparable accuracy to conventional methods.

## Abstract

Time difference of arrival (TDOA) is a widely used technique for localizing a radio transmitter from the difference in signal arrival times at multiple receivers. For TDOA to work, the individual receivers must estimate the respective signal arrival times precisely, which requires sampling the signal at least double the rate of its highest frequency content, commonly known as the Nyquist rate. Such sampling is less practical for the millimeter wave band comprising of frequencies in 30-300 GHz range. In this paper, we propose an energy detection architecture for accurately estimating the time of arrival from a single picosecond Gaussian pulse, which enables TDOA localization without sampling at the receiver. We derive the closed form expression of the estimated time of arrival and validate it via simulation. We demonstrate that the proposed sampling-free TDOA can localize millimeter wave transmitters as accurately as the conventional sampling-based TDOA.