# Observation of dc power on system of identical asymmetric superconducting rings

## TL;DR

This paper reports the observation of dc voltage and power generation in systems of asymmetric superconducting rings, revealing a paradoxical flow of persistent current against the electric field, with potential practical applications.

## Contribution

It demonstrates that multiple identical asymmetric superconducting rings can produce increased dc voltage and power, suggesting new ways to harness superconducting phenomena for practical use.

## Key findings

- dc voltage and power increase with the number of rings
- persistent current flows against the electric field
- potential for practical applications in superconducting systems

## Abstract

The observations the dc voltage on asymmetric superconducting ring testify that one of the ring segments is a dc power source. The persistent current flows against the total electric field in this segment. This paradoxical phenomenon is observed when the ring or its segments are switched between superconducting and normal state by non-equilibrium noises. We demonstrate that the dc voltage and the power increase with the number of the identical rings connected in series. Large voltage and power sufficient for practical application can be obtained in a system with a sufficiently large number of the rings. We point to the possibility of using such a system for the observation of the dc voltage above superconducting transition and in the asymmetric rings made of normal metal.