# MIMO Codes for Uniform Illumination across Space and Time in VLC with Dimming Control

## TL;DR

This paper introduces novel MIMO coding schemes for VLC systems that ensure uniform illumination and dimming control, improving data reliability and user comfort in indoor lighting and communication.

## Contribution

The paper proposes new encoding and decoding algorithms for MIMO VLC codes that maintain uniform illumination and dimming control, filling a gap in existing literature.

## Key findings

- Proposed codes achieve good error rate performance.
- Codes satisfy illumination and dimming requirements.
- Numerical results demonstrate improved mutual information.

## Abstract

Indoor visible light communications (VLC) require simultaneous illumination and communication. Hence, uniformity in the illumination is a key consideration for user comfort and data transfer in VLC systems. Several run-length limited codes have been proposed in the literature which mitigate flicker for single input and single output VLC systems. Recently, codes have been proposed for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) VLC systems. However, uniform illumination along with dimming control has not been considered for MIMO VLC systems. Hence, in this paper, we propose codes with generalized algorithms for encoding and decoding that maintain consistency in the illumination across space and time and achieve the desired dimming level. We present the expressions for code rate, run-length, and Hamming distance for the proposed codes. Through Monte Carlo simulations, we compare the codeword error rate (CER) performance of the proposed codes with zero-forcing, minimum mean square error, and maximum likelihood detectors for various number of transmit and receive antennas. We also compare the mutual information of the proposed codes for various number of transmit and receive antennas. The numerical results show that the proposed codes exhibit good performance while satisfying the design criteria.