# Exploring the shell model of high-velocity features of Type Ia supernovae using TARDIS

## TL;DR

This study uses synthetic spectra from hydrodynamic models to investigate high-velocity features in Type Ia supernovae, comparing them with observations to understand their origin and implications for supernova explosion mechanisms.

## Contribution

It introduces a detailed modeling approach with TARDIS to analyze high-velocity features, exploring various shell compositions and their effects on spectral features.

## Key findings

- Helium substrates are unlikely due to calcium abundance issues.
- Models can reproduce early high-velocity features but not the 9-day features.
- Helium-shell double detonation models often lack or overproduce high-velocity features.

## Abstract

We explore the possible nature of high-velocity features in Type~Ia supernovae by presenting synthetic spectra generated from hydrodynamic models of interaction between the supernova and a compact circumstellar shell. We use TARDIS to compute the spectra and compare model spectra to data from SN~2011fe at 2, 5, and 9 days after the explosion. We apply abundance models to the shells that consist of either a hydrogen, helium, or carbon-oxygen substrate with overall solar abundance of metals and depletion or enhancement of calcium abundance. We vary the calcium abundances in the shell and the ejecta to study the effect on the photospheric and high-velocity components of the calcium near-infrared triplet. The substrate leaves no imprint upon the spectra, but helium substrates are discouraged by demanding excessive calcium abundances. We find that we can approximately reproduce the blended high-velocity and photospheric velocity features at 2 and 5 days. The 9 day spectrum shows a distinct high-velocity component of the line. We are unable to reproduce this specific feature with the current models. We also explore helium-shell double detonation models, finding they tend to give no high-velocity features or excessively strong features. A very carefully chosen helium-shell mass might give a reasonable reproduction of the observed calcium features. We discuss the implications of our models for the nature of high-velocity features and their significance to the evolution and explosion of SN~Ia.