# The Tensor Pomeron and Low-x Deep Inelastic Scattering

## TL;DR

This paper applies a tensor-pomeron model, including soft and hard components, to low-x deep-inelastic scattering and photoproduction, successfully describing experimental data and elucidating the nature of the pomeron.

## Contribution

It introduces a two-tensor-pomeron framework with both soft and hard components, providing a unified description of low-x scattering data and photon-proton interactions.

## Key findings

- Good fit to HERA data for x<0.01
- Determined intercepts of soft and hard pomerons
- Hard pomeron negligible in photoproduction within errors

## Abstract

The tensor-pomeron model is applied to low-x deep-inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering and photoproduction. We consider c.m. energies in the range 6 - 318 GeV and Q^2 < 50 GeV^2. In addition to the soft tensor pomeron, which has proven quite successful for the description of soft hadronic high-energy reactions, we include a hard tensor pomeron. We also include f_2-reggeon exchange which turns out to be particularly relevant for real-photon-proton scattering at c.m. energies in the range up to 30 GeV. The combination of these exchanges permits a description of the absorption cross sections of real and virtual photons on the proton in the same framework. In particular, a detailed comparison of this two-tensor-pomeron model with the latest HERA data for x < 0.01 is made. Our model gives a very good description of the transition from the small-Q^2 regime where the real or virtual photon behaves hadron-like to the large-Q^2 regime where hard scattering dominates. Our fit allows us, for instance, a determination of the intercepts of the hard pomeron as 1.3008(+73,-84), of the soft pomeron as 1.0935(+76,-64), and of the f_2 reggeon. We find that in photoproduction the hard pomeron does not contribute within the errors of the fit. We show that assuming a vector instead of a tensor character for the pomeron leads to the conclusion that it must decouple in real photoproduction.