Anti-Parity-Time Symmetric Optical Four-Wave Mixing in Cold Atoms

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates anti-PT symmetry in nonlinear optical four-wave mixing within cold atoms, revealing a phase transition between power oscillation and amplification without the need for gain-loss engineering.

Contribution

It introduces anti-PT symmetry in a nonlinear optical system using cold atoms, distinct from previous gain-loss based PT systems.

Findings

Observation of anti-PT phase transition

Transition between power oscillation and amplification

Negligible linear gain and loss in the system

Abstract

Non-Hermitian optical systems with parity-time (PT) symmetry have recently revealed many intriguing prospects that outperform conservative structures. The prevous works are mostly rooted in complex arrangements with controlled gain-loss interplay. Here, we demonstrate anti-PT symmetry inherent in nonlinear optical interactions based upon forward optical four-wave mixing in a laser-cooled atomic ensemble with negligible linear gain and loss. We observe the pair of frequency modes undergo a nontrivial anti-PT phase transition between coherent power oscillation and optical parametric amplification in presence of a large phase mismatch.