# Relativistic and Newtonian fluid tori with electric charge

## TL;DR

This paper investigates how electric charge influences the equilibrium and structure of rotating fluid tori around black holes, considering both relativistic and Newtonian frameworks, with implications for galactic nuclei.

## Contribution

It introduces a model accounting for electric charge effects on fluid tori, highlighting the role of electromagnetic forces in their equilibrium configurations.

## Key findings

- Electric charge affects torus stability and structure.
- Cusp formation can occur in Newtonian tori due to charge distribution.
- Electromagnetic forces significantly influence the equilibrium of charged fluid tori.

## Abstract

We discuss the effects of electric charging on the equilibrium configurations of magnetized, rotating fluid tori around black holes of different mass. In the context of gaseous/dusty tori in galactic nuclei, the central black hole dominates the gravitational field and it remains electrically neutral, while the surrounding material acquires some electric charge and exhibits non-negligible self-gravitational effect on the torus structure. The structure of the torus is influenced by the balance between the gravitational and electromagnetic forces. A cusp may develop even in Newtonian tori due to the charge distribution.