# Protocol for reading out Majorana vortex qubit and testing non-Abelian statistics

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a protocol for reading out Majorana vortex qubits on topological superconductors, enabling testing of non-Abelian statistics and advancing topological quantum computation.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel measurement scheme using conductance peaks to read out Majorana qubits and distinguish them from other modes.

## Key findings

- Protocol successfully reads out Majorana qubit states.
- Allows testing of non-Abelian statistics.
- Distinguishes Majorana modes from other vortex core states.

## Abstract

The successful test of non-Abelian statistics not only serves as a milestone in fundamental physics but also provides a quantum gate operation in topological quantum computation. An accurate and efficient readout scheme of a topological qubit is an essential step toward the experimental confirmation of non-Abelian statistics. In the current work, we propose a protocol to read out the quantum state of a Majorana vortex qubit on a topological superconductor island. The protocol consists of four Majorana zero modes trapped in spatially well-separated vortex cores on the two-dimensional surface of a Coulomb blockaded topological superconductor. Our proposed measurement is implemented by a pair of weakly coupled Majorana modes separately in touch with two normal metal leads, and the readout is realized by observing the conductance peak location in terms of gate voltage. Using this protocol, we can further test the non-Abelian statistics of Majorana zero modes in the two-dimensional platform. A successful readout of Majorana qubit is a crucial step towards the future application of topological quantum computation. In addition, this Coulomb blockaded setup can distinguish Majorana zero modes from Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon modes in vortex cores.