# Magnetic structure of monatomic Fe chains on Re(0001): emergence of chiral multi-spin interactions

## TL;DR

This study uses first-principles calculations to explore how the magnetic structure of monatomic Fe chains on Re(0001) evolves with chain length, revealing the emergence of chiral multi-spin interactions influencing spin spiral states.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a classical spin model incorporating chiral four-spin interactions derived from ab initio calculations, explaining the observed magnetic behaviors.

## Key findings

- Transition from antiferromagnetic to spin spiral states with increasing chain length
- Opposite chirality of spin spirals predicted by different methods
- Chiral four-spin interactions are essential to accurately model the magnetic structure

## Abstract

We present results of first-principles calculations of the magnetic properties of Fe chains deposited on the Re(0001) surface. By increasing the length of the chain, a transition is found from an almost collinear antiferromagnetic state for a 5-atom-long chain to a spin spiral state with the rotational plane slightly tilted from the surface of the substrate for the 15-atom-long chain. It is shown that a classical spin model derived from the ab initio calculations containing only two-spin interactions supports opposite chirality of the spin spiral compared to a direct optimization of the spin configuration within the ab initio method. The differences between the results of the two methods can be understood by introducing chiral four-spin interactions in the spin model.