# Modeling the relaxation processes of photoexcited solids: A short review

## TL;DR

This paper reviews recent modeling approaches for ultrafast relaxation processes in photoexcited solids, focusing on electron and phonon interactions and their impact on energy dissipation after femtosecond laser excitation.

## Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of current theoretical frameworks for interpreting ultrafast electron and phonon dynamics in solids.

## Key findings

- Effective temperature models describe energy redistribution.
- Modeling captures key collision processes affecting relaxation.
- Framework aids interpretation of experimental ultrafast measurements.

## Abstract

Ultrafast electron dynamics of solids after an absorption of femtosecond laser pulse is governed by electron-electron, electron-phonon, phonon-electron, and phonon-phonon collisions. It is of importance to construct a framework for interpreting experimental observations correctly. In this paper we review recent developments of modeling the relaxation dynamics of solids. We discuss the ultrafast relaxation in respect to the effective temperature dynamics and the excess energy dynamics.