# Wigner entropy production and heat transport in linear quantum lattices

## TL;DR

This paper develops a phase-space method to calculate Wigner entropy production in linear quantum networks, revealing how internal interactions influence non-equilibrium steady states and energy transport regimes.

## Contribution

It introduces a simple closed-form expression for entropy production in linear quantum networks and analyzes the impact of internal couplings on non-equilibrium steady states.

## Key findings

- Entropy production scales differently in ballistic and diffusive regimes.
- Internal couplings are crucial for maintaining non-equilibrium steady states.
- The formalism quantifies the entropic cost of diffusive energy transport.

## Abstract

When a quantum system is coupled to several heat baths at different temperatures, it eventually reaches a non-equilibrium steady state featuring stationary internal heat currents. These currents imply that entropy is continually being produced in the system at a constant rate. In this paper we apply phase-space techniques to the calculation of the Wigner entropy production on general linear networks of harmonic nodes. Working in the ubiquitous limit of weak internal coupling and weak dissipation, we obtain simple closed-form expressions for the entropic contribution of each individual quasi-probability current. Our analysis highlights the essential role played by the internal unitary interactions (node-node couplings) in maintaining a non-equilibrium steady-state and hence a finite entropy production rate. We also apply this formalism to the paradigmatic problem of energy transfer through a chain of oscillators subject to self-consistent internal baths that can be used to tune the transport from ballistic to diffusive. We find that the entropy production scales with different power law behaviors in the ballistic and diffusive regimes, hence allowing us to quantify what is the "entropic cost of diffusivity."