# Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Pilot Tone Modulation on Partial Response Modulation Formats

## TL;DR

This paper experimentally examines how pilot tone modulation depth affects various partial response modulation formats, revealing that increased pilot tone depth causes significant power penalties, especially at higher signal amplitudes.

## Contribution

It provides empirical data on the impact of pilot tone modulation on NRZ, PAM4, and Duobinary formats, highlighting the power penalties involved.

## Key findings

- Pilot tone penalty increases with signal amplitude.
- Maximum received power penalty observed is 3 dB.
- Impact varies across different modulation formats.

## Abstract

This paper presents an experimental investigation of 8% pilot tone modulation depth is a system transmitting NRZ, PAM4 and Duobinary. The penalty from the pilot tone increases with signal amplitude levels and reaches a received power penalty of 3 dB.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1901.02748