Wave kernels with magnetic field on the hyperbolic plane and with the Morse potential on the real line
Mohamed Vall Ould Moustapha

TL;DR
This paper derives explicit wave kernels for modified Schr"odinger operators with magnetic fields on hyperbolic surfaces and Morse potentials on the real line, revealing a Fourier transform connection between them.
Contribution
It provides explicit solutions for wave equations on hyperbolic models and links magnetic Schr"odinger operators to Morse potentials via Fourier transform.
Findings
Explicit wave kernels on hyperbolic surfaces and the real line.
Connection between magnetic Schr"odinger operators and Morse potential.
Wave kernels expressed using confluent hypergeometric functions.
Abstract
In this article we give explicit solutions for the wave equations associated to the modified Schr\"odinger operators with magnetic field on the disc and the upper half plane models of the hyperbolic plane. We show that the modified Schr\"odinger operator with magnetic field on the upper half plane model and the Schr\"odinger operator with diatomic molecular Morse potential on are related by means of one-dimensional Fourier transform. Using this relation we give the explicit forms of the wave kernels associated to the Schr\"odinger operator with the diatomic molecular Morse potential on in terms of the two variables confluent hypergeometric function .
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WAVE KERNELS WITH
MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE HYPERBOLIC PLANE AND WITH THE MORSE POTENTIAL ON THE REAL LINE
Mohamed Vall Ould Moustapha
Abstract
In this article we give explicit solutions for the wave equations associated to the modified Schrödinger operators with magnetic field on the disc and the upper half plane models of the hyperbolic plane. We show that the modified Schrödinger operator with magnetic field on the upper half plane model and the Schrödinger operator with diatomic molecular Morse potential on are related by means of one-dimensional Fourier transform. Using this relation we give the explicit forms of the wave kernels associated to the Schrödinger operator with the diatomic molecular Morse potential on in terms of the two variables confluent hypergeometric function .
1 Introduction
The aim of this paper is to give explicit solutions to the wave equations associated to the modified Schrödinger operators with magnetic field on the disc and the upper half plane models of the hyperbolic plane. Using a formula relating the Schrödinger operator with with magnetic field on the hyperbolic plane and the Schrödinger operator with Morse potential on the real line we give an exact formula for wave kernel with the Morse potential. That is we obtain the explicit solutions for the following Cauchy problems of the wave type:
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
The modified Schrödinger operators with magnetic field on the hyperbolic disc is given by
[TABLE]
where is the Schrödinger operator with constant magnetic field on the hyperbolic disc given in [8] by
[TABLE]
The modified Schrödinger operators with magnetic field on the hyperbolic half plane is given by
[TABLE]
which can be written as
[TABLE]
where is the Schrödinger operator with constant magnetic field on the hyperbolic upper half plane given in [11] by
[TABLE]
the Schrödinger operator with the Morse potential is given for by [11]
[TABLE]
or equivalently for by
[TABLE]
The importance of the Schrödinger operator with magnetic field and the Schrödinger operator with the Morse potential in both theory and application of mathematics and physics may be found in literature [7], [11], [16], [19]. For example the operators (resp. ) has a physical interpretation as being the Hamiltonian which governs a non relativistic charged particle moving under the influence of the magnetic field of constant strength perpendicular to (resp.). Also the purely vibrational levels of diatomic molecules with angular momentum have been described by the Morse potential since see [16].
Note that for the Magnetic Laplacians , and the Schrödinger operator with the diatomic molecular Morse potential are, non-positive, definite and each of them has an absolute continuous spectrum as well as a points spectrum if see [2]. For a recent work on the Morse Potential see [1, 9, 10, 20]
2 Explicit solutions for the wave equation with magnetic field on the hyperbolic disc
This section is devoted to the linear wave equation associated to the modified Schrödinger operator with magnetic field on the hyperbolic disc .
Let be the unit disc endowed with the metric
[TABLE]
Then the Rimannian manifold is the (conformal) Poincare disc model of the hyperbolic plane. The metric is invariant with respect to the group
[TABLE]
The hyperbolic surface form is given by
[TABLE]
The hyperbolic distance associated to is
[TABLE]
The associated Laplace Beltrami operator is
[TABLE]
Proposition 2.1**.**
[2]** For real number, we consider the projective representation of the group on defined by
[TABLE]
*where g^{-1}=\left(\begin{array}[]{cc}A&B\\ B&A\end{array}\right)\in SU(1,1).
i)The action is a unitary projective representation of the group on the Hilbert space .
ii) The Laplacian is invariant, that is we have*
[TABLE]
*for every .
Let*
[TABLE]
*then:
iii) and we have .
iv)*
[TABLE]
Lemma 2.1**.**
*If be a radial function in the second variable and let such that
with , and then we have :
i) with :
[TABLE]
*ii) Setting we have
with*
[TABLE]
*iii) where
[TABLE]
Proof.
Using the geodesic polar coordinates , and we see that the radial part of the Magnetic Laplacian is given by
[TABLE]
using the variables changes , we get the result of i) and iii). The result ii) is simple and is left to the reader. ∎
Theorem 2.1**.**
The wave equation in (1.3) associated to the modified Schrödinger operators with magnetic field on the hyperbolic disc has the solution
[TABLE]
where is the Gauss hypergeometric function defined by:
[TABLE]
where as usual is the Pochhamer symbol and is the classical Euler function.
Proof.
Using Lemma 2.1 the wave equation is equivalent to which is equivalent to with . Setting we see that the last equation is equivalent to
[TABLE]
and this is an hypergeometric equation with parameters and an appropriate solution is see[15] p.42
[TABLE]
that is
[TABLE]
and the proof of the theorem 2.1 is finished.
∎
Lemma 2.2**.**
*If and let be the function given in (2.1) then we have
i)
ii) *
Proof.
Writing in the geodesic polar coordinates and making the change of variables we have
[TABLE]
where and it is not hard to see i) and ii) from (2)
∎
Theorem 2.2**.**
Set where is given by (2.1) and is as in (2.13)then we have:
[TABLE]
*And we have *
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
where is the modified Schrödinger operators with magnetic field with respect to
Proof.
The first formula is consequences of (2.1) and (2.13)
For the last two results, Using the formula (2.9) we can write
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
And
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
∎
Theorem 2.3**.**
The Cauchy problem (1.3) for the wave equation associated to the modified Schrödinger operators with magnetic field on the hyperbolic disc has the the unique solution given by
[TABLE]
with is as in (2.2)
Proof.
Using Theorem 2.2 it suffices to show that the function defined by (2.33) satisfies the initial conditions and , .
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
Setting we obtain
[TABLE]
Using Lemma 2.2 with we obtain the limit conditions and the proof of Theorem 2.3 is finished.
∎
Note that using the formula [15],
[TABLE]
the wave kernel can be written as
[TABLE]
and this agrees with the formula obtained in [13] with
3 Explicit solutions for the wave equation with magnetic field on the hyperbolic upper half plane
In this section we give the solution of the Cauchy problem for the wave equation associated to the modified Schrödinger operator with magnetic field on the half plane model of the hyperbolic plane .
It is well known that the Rimanian manifold has negative constant Gaussian curvature and it is isometric via the Cayley transform:
[TABLE]
to the hyperbolic upper half plane: endowed with the usual hyperbolic metric
[TABLE]
The metric is invariant with respect to the group with
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The hyperbolic surface form is
[TABLE]
and the hyperbolic distance given respectively by
[TABLE]
The Laplace Beltrami operator
[TABLE]
Proposition 3.1**.**
i) For the Cayley transform induces the unitary operator from to ,
[TABLE]
*where the Hilbert spaces and are respectively the space of complex-valued respectively square integrable functions on respectively on .
ii) For the inverse of the operator is given by*
[TABLE]
iii) For the following intertwining formula holds.
[TABLE]
The proof of this proposition is simple and in consequence is left to the reader.
Theorem 3.1**.**
The Cauchy problem for the wave equation associated to the modified Schrödinger operator with magnetic field on the upper half plane model (1.6) has the the unique solution given by
[TABLE]
where is given by
[TABLE]
Proof.
Using the formula (3.11) the problem (1.6) is transformed into the problem (1.3) with instead of By (2.33) we have
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[TABLE]
Using the formulas (3.9) and (3.10) and by setting we obtain
[TABLE]
with is given by (3.1) and the proof of Theorem 3.1 is finished ∎
Note that using the formula we obtain the solution of the wave equation in the hyperbolic plane [1] see also [3],[12], [13] and [17].
Corollary 3.1**.**
The Cauchy problem for the wave equation on the hyperbolic plane has the unique solution given by
[TABLE]
Proposition 3.2**.**
Let be the kernels given in (3.1) then we have i)
[TABLE]
ii) For integer or a half of an integer
[TABLE]
*where are the Chebichev polynomials of the first kind.
Proof.
To see i) we use [15] with , and by [15] we have ii). ∎
4 Explicit solutions for the wave equation associated to the Schrödinger equation with the Morse potential on
The Schrödinger operator with the Morse potential is given for by
[TABLE]
or equivalently for by
[TABLE]
Proposition 4.1**.**
i) The modified Schrödinger operator with magnetic field on the hyperbolic half plane and Schrödinger operator with the Morse diatomic molecular potential on the real line are connected via the formulas
[TABLE]
where the Fourier transform is given by
[TABLE]
ii) The wave kernels with the Morse potential is connected to the wave kernel with magnetic potential on the hyperbolic half plane via the formula
[TABLE]
Proof.
The part i) is simple and in consequance is left to the reader. To see ii) by using i) the Cauchy problem for the wave equation with the Morse potential (1.9) is transformed into the Cauchy problem for the wave equation associated to the modified Schrödinger operator with magnetic field on the hyperbolic half plane (1.6) with using the the formula (2.33) by virtue of injectivity of the Fourier transform we obtain
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
that is
[TABLE]
which gives the formula (4.5). ∎
Lemma 4.1**.**
Let
[TABLE]
*then we have
[TABLE]
*with the function is the confluent hypergeometric function of two variables defined by the double series:(see for example [5] p. ).
[TABLE]
for and its analytic continuation elsewhere.
Proof.
Set and we get
[TABLE]
Using the fact that for the function has the integral representation:
we see the result of Lemma 4.1.
∎
Theorem 4.1**.**
*For integer or half integer the Cauchy problem (1.9) for the wave equation with the Morse potential has the unique solution given by:
[TABLE]
with
[TABLE]
*,
and and as usual, the function is the confluent hypergeometric function of two variables defined by the double series (4.12)*
Proof.
From the formula (3.7) we can write
[TABLE]
From the Rodrigue formula for the Chebichev polynomials ([15] p.258)
where , and the formula (3.2) we can write
[TABLE]
From the formulas (3.2), (4) and (4)we have
[TABLE]
where
Using ii) of Proposition 4.1 we obtain
,
and by Lemma 4.1 we get the result Theorem (4.1) ∎
Note that using the formulas: and [15] p. 283 we get by taking in(4.14) the solution of the wave equation with Morse(Liouville) potential [1]
[TABLE]
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