# Cold Atom Quantum Simulator for Dilute Neutron Matter

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the use of an ultracold atom quantum simulator to accurately determine the equation of state of dilute neutron matter, providing insights relevant to neutron star physics.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel quantum simulation approach using ultracold lithium atoms to study neutron matter EOS, bridging atomic physics and nuclear astrophysics.

## Key findings

- Successfully simulated dilute neutron matter EOS with ultracold atoms.
- Validated the universal behavior of neutron matter in the dilute regime.
- Provided data relevant for understanding neutron star properties.

## Abstract

The internal structure of neutron stars and the physical properties of nuclei depend on the equation of state (EOS) of neutron matter. Dilute neutron matter is a quantum system of spin-1/2 Fermi particles interacting via s-wave scattering. Although a nuclear system and an ultracold atomic system have length scales and energy scales that differ by several orders of magnitude, both systems follow a common universal EOS considering their non-dimensional universal interaction parameters. In this study, we determine the EOS of neutron matter in the dilute region, where the influence of the s-wave scattering length is dominant but that of the effective range is small, by utilizing a quantum simulator of ultracold $^6$Li atoms with Feshbach resonance.