Skyrmion Tubes as Magnonic Waveguides

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that skyrmion tubes in three-dimensional magnetic nanostructures can serve as nonplanar magnonic waveguides, enabling controlled spin-wave channeling with potential for advanced magnonic device engineering.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of using skyrmion tubes as magnonic waveguides, revealing their internal and edge channels for spin-wave transmission and their robustness against magnetic field variations.

Findings

Skyrmion tubes induce internal and edge spin-wave channels.

Internal channels transmit lower-frequency signals.

Spin-wave transmission relies on skyrmion eigenmodes.

Abstract

Various latest experiments have proven the theoretical prediction that domain walls in planar magnetic structures can channel spin waves as outstanding magnonic waveguides, establishing a superb platform for building magnonic devices. Recently, three-dimensional nanomagnetism has been boosted up and become a significant branch of magnetism, because three-dimensional magnetic structures expose a lot of emerging physics hidden behind planar ones and will inevitably provide broader room for device engineering. Skyrmions and antiSkyrmions, as natural three-dimensional magnetic configurations, are not considered yet in the context of spin-wave channeling and steering. Here, we show that skyrmion tubes can act as nonplanar magnonic waveguides if excited suitably. An isolated skyrmion tube in a magnetic nanoprism induces spatially separate internal and edge channels of spin waves; the internal channel has a narrower energy gap, compared to the edge channel, and accordingly can transmit signals at lower frequencies. Additionally, we verify that those spin-wave beams along magnetic nanoprism are restricted to the regions of potential wells. Transmission of spin-wave signals in such waveguides results from the coherent propagation of locally driven eigenmodes of skyrmions, i.e., the breathing and rotational modes. Finally, we find that spin waves along the internal channels are less susceptible to magnetic field than those along the edge channels. Our work will open a new arena for spin-wave manipulation and help bridge skyrmionics and magnonics.