# The quasiconvex envelope of conformally invariant planar energy functions in isotropic hyperelasticity

## TL;DR

This paper derives an explicit formula for the quasiconvex envelope of conformally invariant energies in 2D hyperelasticity, simplifying the analysis of such energies using eigenvalues instead of distortion measures.

## Contribution

It provides a novel explicit formula for the quasiconvex envelope of conformally invariant energies in 2D, based on singular values, improving upon previous eigenvalue-based representations.

## Key findings

- Explicit quasiconvex envelope formula for conformally invariant energies
- Eigenvalue-based expression simplifies analysis of these energies
- Connections to earlier work by Astala et al. and Yan

## Abstract

We consider conformally invariant energies $W$ on the group $\operatorname{GL}^+(2)$ of $2\times2$-matrices with positive determinant, i.e. $W\colon\operatorname{GL}^+(2)\to\mathbb{R}$ such that \[W(AFB) = W(F) \qquad\text{for all }\; A,B\in\{aR\in\operatorname{GL}^+(2) \,|\, a\in(0,\infty)\,,\; R\in\operatorname{SO}(2)\}\,,\] where $\operatorname{SO}(2)$ denotes the special orthogonal group, and provide an explicit formula for the (notoriously difficult to compute) quasiconvex envelope of these functions. Our results, which are based on the representation $W(F)=h(\frac{\lambda_1}{\lambda_2})$ of $W$ in terms of the singular values $\lambda_1,\lambda_2$ of $F$, are applied to a number of example energies in order to demonstrate the convenience of the eigenvalue-based expression compared to the more common representation in terms of the distortion $\mathbb{K}:=\frac12\frac{\lVert F\rVert^2}{\det F}$. Special cases of our results can be obtained from earlier works by Astala et al. and Yan.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1901.00058