# Universality and distribution of zeros and poles of some zeta functions

## TL;DR

This paper constructs and analyzes special zeta functions with prescribed zeros and poles, demonstrating universality properties and exploring their distribution in relation to the Riemann hypothesis and prime gaps.

## Contribution

It introduces methods to construct zeta functions with zeros and poles in specific regions, extending universality and distribution results beyond classical zeta functions.

## Key findings

- Constructed zeta functions with zeros/poles in prescribed strips.
- Demonstrated universality for zero-free analytic functions.
- Connected zero distribution to prime gap conjectures.

## Abstract

This paper studies zeta functions of the form $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \chi(n) n^{-s}$, with $\chi$ a completely multiplicative function taking only unimodular values. We denote by $\sigma(\chi)$ the infimum of those $\alpha$ such that the Dirichlet series $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \chi(n) n^{-s}$ can be continued meromorphically to the half-plane $\operatorname{Re} s>\alpha$, and denote by $\zeta_{\chi}(s)$ the corresponding meromorphic function in $\operatorname{Re} s>\sigma(\chi)$. We construct $\zeta_{\chi}(s)$ that have $\sigma(\chi)\le 1/2$ and are universal for zero-free analytic functions on the half-critical strip $1/2<\operatorname{Re} s <1$, with zeros and poles at any discrete multisets lying in a strip to the right of $\operatorname{Re} s =1/2$ and satisfying a density condition that is somewhat stricter than the density hypothesis for the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. On a conceivable version of Cram\'{e}r's conjecture for gaps between primes, the density condition can be relaxed, and zeros and poles can also be placed at $\beta+i \gamma$ with $\beta\le 1-\lambda \log\log |\gamma|/\log |\gamma|$ when $\lambda>1$. Finally, we show that there exists $\zeta_{\chi}(s)$ with $\sigma(\chi) \le 1/2$ and zeros at any discrete multiset in the strip $1/2<\operatorname{Re} s \le 39/40$ with no accumulation point in $\operatorname{Re} s >1/2$; on the Riemann hypothesis, this strip may be replaced by the half-critical strip $1/2 < \operatorname{Re} s < 1$.