# A Descriptive Study of Variable Discretization and Cost-Sensitive Logistic Regression on Imbalanced Credit Data

## TL;DR

This study explores how variable discretization and cost-sensitive logistic regression can improve classification performance on imbalanced credit data, demonstrating their effectiveness and generalizability across domains.

## Contribution

It introduces a combined approach of variable discretization and cost-sensitive logistic regression to mitigate bias in imbalanced datasets, with extensive performance evaluation.

## Key findings

- Discretization outperforms cost-sensitive regression in coefficient estimation.
- Proper techniques reduce bias and variance in imbalanced classification.
- Methods are effective across multiple domains.

## Abstract

Training classification models on imbalanced data tends to result in bias towards the majority class. In this paper, we demonstrate how variable discretization and cost-sensitive logistic regression help mitigate this bias on an imbalanced credit scoring dataset, and further show the application of the variable discretization technique on the data from other domains, demonstrating its potential as a generic technique for classifying imbalanced data beyond credit socring. The performance measurements include ROC curves, Area under ROC Curve (AUC), Type I Error, Type II Error, accuracy, and F1 score. The results show that proper variable discretization and cost-sensitive logistic regression with the best class weights can reduce the model bias and/or variance. From the perspective of the algorithm, cost-sensitive logistic regression is beneficial for increasing the value of predictors even if they are not in their optimized forms while maintaining monotonicity. From the perspective of predictors, the variable discretization performs better than cost-sensitive logistic regression, provides more reasonable coefficient estimates for predictors which have nonlinear relationships against their empirical logit, and is robust to penalty weights on misclassifications of events and non-events determined by their apriori proportions.