# Entropy stable spectral collocation schemes for the 3-D Navier-Stokes equations on dynamic unstructured grids

## TL;DR

This paper introduces high-order entropy stable spectral collocation schemes for 3-D Navier-Stokes equations on dynamic unstructured grids, ensuring conservation, accuracy, and stability on moving and deforming meshes.

## Contribution

It develops a novel entropy conservative flux and a scheme that preserves geometric conservation laws on dynamic unstructured grids.

## Key findings

- Achieves the desired order of accuracy in numerical tests.
- Ensures entropy stability on moving and deforming grids.
- Maintains freestream preservation properties.

## Abstract

New entropy stable spectral collocations schemes of arbitrary order of accuracy are developed for the unsteady 3-D Euler and Navier-Stokes equations on dynamic unstructured grids. To take into account the grid motion and deformation, we use an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation. As a result, moving and deforming hexahedral grid elements are individually mapped onto a cube in the fixed reference system of coordinates. The proposed scheme is constructed by using the skew-symmetric form of the Navier-Stokes equations, which are discretized by using summation-by-parts spectral collocation operators that preserve the conservation properties of the original governing equations. Furthermore, the metric coefficients are approximated such that the geometric conservation laws (GCL) are satisfied exactly on both static and dynamic grids. To make the scheme entropy stable, a new entropy conservative flux is derived for the 3-D Euler and Navier-Stokes equations on dynamic unstructured grids. The new flux preserves the design order of accuracy of the original spectral collocation scheme and guarantees the entropy conservation on moving and deforming grids. We present numerical results demonstrating design order of accuracy and freestream preservation properties of the new schemes for both the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations on moving and deforming unstructured grids.