# Summing up Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays from Radio Galaxies

## TL;DR

This paper investigates the origins of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, showing that two specific radio galaxies, Cygnus A and Centaurus A, can explain observed cosmic ray features when considering magnetic field effects.

## Contribution

It introduces a model where only two radio galaxies account for UHECRs, aligning with observations by considering magnetic field-induced isotropization.

## Key findings

- Radio galaxies alone cannot explain UHECRs across large volumes.
- Cygnus A dominates light composition below 60 EeV.
- Centaurus A dominates heavy composition above 60 EeV.

## Abstract

Radio galaxies are intensively discussed as the sources of cosmic rays observed above about 3 EeV, called ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Here, the key issues from a recent investigation are summed up, where the individual characteristics of radio galaxies, as well as the impact by the extragalactic magnetic-field structures up to a distance of 120 Mpc has been taken into account. It is shown that the average contribution of radio galaxies taken over a very large volume cannot explain the observed features of UHECRs measured at Earth. However, we obtain excellent agreement with the spectrum, composition, and arrival-direction distribution of UHECRs measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory, if we assume that most UHECRs observed arise from only two sources: The ultra-luminous radio galaxy Cygnus A, providing a mostly light composition of nuclear species dominating up to about 60 EeV, and the nearest radio galaxy Centaurus A, providing a heavy composition dominating above 60 EeV. Here we have to assume that extragalactic magnetic fields out to 250 Mpc, which we did not include in the simulation, are able to isotropize the UHECR events at about 8 EeV arriving from Cygnus A.