# Design and Implementation of Open LoRa for IoT

## TL;DR

This paper presents a cost-effective, flexible design and implementation of a private LoRa network for IoT, including hardware and software architecture, with open-source code and experimental validation.

## Contribution

It introduces an improved, modular LoRa network server architecture with open-source code and demonstrates its scalability and performance through extensive experiments.

## Key findings

- The modular architecture enhances scalability and flexibility.
- Open-source source code facilitates deployment and customization.
- Experimental results validate network performance in typical environments.

## Abstract

Long Range (LoRa) network is emerging as one of the most promising Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) networks, since it enables the energy-constraint devices distributed over wide areas to establish affordable connectivity. However, how to implement a cost-effective and flexible LoRa network is still an open challenge. This paper aims at exposing a feasible solution of design and implementation, allowing users to conveniently build a private LoRa network for various IoT applications. Firstly, several typical application scenarios of LoRa network are discussed. Then, the LoRa system architecture is presented with the functionality of each component. We address the hardware design and implementation of LoRa Gateway, which is the bridge between LoRa nodes and LoRa network server. Especially, the paper contributes by proposing an improved software architecture of LoRa network server whose source codes are open on GitHub. Under the architecture, LoRa network server is divided into four decoupled modules and uses the messaging system based on streaming data for the interaction between modules to guarantee scalability and flexibility. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of LoRa networks in typical environments.